HIV AIDS Competency Practice Exam

HIV is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual contact, which is recognized as one of the most significant routes for the spread of the virus. During sexual activities involving the exchange of bodily fluids, such as during vaginal or anal intercourse, the likelihood of transmission increases, particularly when there are mucosal tears or the presence of other sexually transmitted infections. The virus can be present in semen, vaginal secretions, and blood, making unprotected sexual contact a high-risk behavior for HIV transmission.

Understanding the nature of HIV transmission is crucial for effective prevention strategies. While other routes exist, such as transmission through blood transfusions or sharing needles, these are less common due to safety protocols in medical settings and harm reduction strategies in drug use. Casual contact like hugging or shaking hands does not pose a risk for HIV transmission, nor is transmission associated with respiratory droplets, which are more relevant for viruses such as influenza or COVID-19. Recognizing the primary mode of transmission underscores the necessity for safe sex practices and regular testing as part of HIV prevention efforts.